Предметный указатель C. SQL Ключевые слова#
Предметный указатель C. SQL Ключевые слова
Таблица C.1 перечисляет все токены, которые являются ключевыми словами в стандарте SQL и в Tantor SE-1C 15.2. Дополнительную информацию можно найти в Раздел 4.1.1. (Из-за ограничений по месту включены только две последние версии стандарта SQL и SQL-92 для исторического сравнения. Различия между этими и другими промежуточными версиями стандарта незначительны).
SQL различает между зарезервированными и незарезервированными ключевыми словами. Согласно стандарту, зарезервированные ключевые слова являются единственными настоящими ключевыми словами; они никогда не могут использоваться в качестве идентификаторов. Незарезервированные ключевые слова имеют особое значение только в определенных контекстах и могут использоваться в качестве идентификаторов в других контекстах. Большинство незарезервированных ключевых слов на самом деле являются именами встроенных таблиц и функций, определенных в SQL. Концепция незарезервированных ключевых слов существует в основном для объявления, что некоторому предопределенному значению придается значение слова в некоторых контекстах.
В парсере Tantor SE-1C жизнь немного сложнее. Существует несколько различных классов токенов, начиная от тех, которые никогда не могут быть использованы в качестве идентификатора, до тех, которые не имеют особого статуса в парсере, но считаются обычными идентификаторами. (Последнее обычно относится к функциям, указанным в SQL). Даже зарезервированные ключевые слова не являются полностью зарезервированными в Tantor SE-1C, но могут быть использованы в качестве меток столбцов (например, SELECT 55 AS CHECK, хотя CHECK является зарезервированным ключевым словом).
В Таблица C.1 в столбце для Tantor SE-1C мы классифицируем как “нерезервированные” те ключевые слова, которые явно известны парсеру, но разрешены в качестве имен столбцов или таблиц. Некоторые ключевые слова, которые в противном случае являются незарезервированными, не могут быть использованы в качестве имен функций или типов данных и отмечены соответствующим образом. (Большинство из этих слов представляют встроенные функции или типы данных с особым синтаксисом. Функция или тип все еще доступны, но их нельзя переопределить пользователем). Отмечены “зарезервированные” те токены, которые не разрешены как имена столбцов или таблиц. Некоторые зарезервированные ключевые слова допустимы в качестве имен для функций или типов данных; это также показано в таблице. Если не отмечено иначе, зарезервированное ключевое слово разрешено только в качестве метки столбца. Пустая запись в этом столбце означает, что слово рассматривается как обычный идентификатор Tantor SE-1C.
Кроме того, хотя большинство ключевых слов могут использоваться в качестве “простых” меток столбцов без написания AS перед ними (как описано в разделе Раздел 7.3.2), есть несколько ключевых слов, требующих ведущего AS для избежания неоднозначности. Они отмечены в таблице как “требующие AS”.
Следуйте общему правилу: если вы получаете ложные ошибки парсера для команд, которые используют любое из перечисленных ключевых слов в качестве идентификатора, попробуйте заключить идентификатор в кавычки, чтобы увидеть, исчезнет ли проблема.
Важно понимать перед изучением Таблица C.1, что факт того, что ключевое слово не является зарезервированным в Tantor SE-1C, не означает, что связанная с этим словом функция не реализована. Напротив, наличие ключевого слова не указывает на наличие функции.
Таблица C.1. SQL Key Words
| Key Word | PostgreSQL | SQL:2016 | SQL:2011 | SQL-92 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
A | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ABORT | non-reserved | |||
ABS | reserved | reserved | ||
ABSENT | reserved | non-reserved | ||
ABSOLUTE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
ACCESS | non-reserved | |||
ACCORDING | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ACOS | reserved | |||
ACTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
ADA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ADD | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
ADMIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
AFTER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
AGGREGATE | non-reserved | |||
ALL | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ALLOCATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ALSO | non-reserved | |||
ALTER | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ALWAYS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ANALYSE | reserved | |||
ANALYZE | reserved | |||
AND | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ANY | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ARE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ARRAY | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
ARRAY_AGG | reserved | reserved | ||
ARRAY_MAX_CARDINALITY | reserved | reserved | ||
AS | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ASC | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
ASENSITIVE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ASIN | reserved | |||
ASSERTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
ASSIGNMENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ASYMMETRIC | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
AT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ATAN | reserved | |||
ATOMIC | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ATTACH | non-reserved | |||
ATTRIBUTE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ATTRIBUTES | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
AUTHORIZATION | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
AVG | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
BACKWARD | non-reserved | |||
BASE64 | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
BEFORE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
BEGIN | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
BEGIN_FRAME | reserved | reserved | ||
BEGIN_PARTITION | reserved | reserved | ||
BERNOULLI | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
BETWEEN | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
BIGINT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
BINARY | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
BIT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | ||
BIT_LENGTH | reserved | |||
BLOB | reserved | reserved | ||
BLOCKED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
BOM | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
BOOLEAN | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
BOTH | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
BREADTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
BY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
C | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CACHE | non-reserved | |||
CALL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CALLED | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CARDINALITY | reserved | reserved | ||
CASCADE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
CASCADED | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CASE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CAST | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
CATALOG_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CEIL | reserved | reserved | ||
CEILING | reserved | reserved | ||
CHAIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CHAINING | non-reserved | |||
CHAR | non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CHARACTER | non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CHARACTERISTICS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CHARACTERS | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
CHARACTER_LENGTH | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CHARACTER_SET_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CHAR_LENGTH | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CHECK | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CHECKPOINT | non-reserved | |||
CLASS | non-reserved | |||
CLASSIFIER | reserved | |||
CLASS_ORIGIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CLOB | reserved | reserved | ||
CLOSE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CLUSTER | non-reserved | |||
COALESCE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
COBOL | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COLLATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
COLLATION | reserved (can be function or type) | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
COLLATION_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COLLATION_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COLLATION_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COLLECT | reserved | reserved | ||
COLUMN | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
COLUMNS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COLUMN_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COMMAND_FUNCTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
COMMENT | non-reserved | |||
COMMENTS | non-reserved | |||
COMMIT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
COMMITTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
COMPRESSION | non-reserved | |||
CONCURRENTLY | reserved (can be function or type) | |||
CONDITION | reserved | reserved | ||
CONDITIONAL | non-reserved | |||
CONDITION_NUMBER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONFIGURATION | non-reserved | |||
CONFLICT | non-reserved | |||
CONNECT | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CONNECTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
CONNECTION_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONSTRAINT | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CONSTRAINTS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONSTRAINT_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONSTRUCTOR | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
CONTAINS | reserved | reserved | ||
CONTENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CONTINUE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
CONTROL | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
CONVERSION | non-reserved | |||
CONVERT | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
COPY | non-reserved | reserved | ||
CORR | reserved | reserved | ||
CORRESPONDING | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
COS | reserved | |||
COSH | reserved | |||
COST | non-reserved | |||
COUNT | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
COVAR_POP | reserved | reserved | ||
COVAR_SAMP | reserved | reserved | ||
CREATE | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CROSS | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CSV | non-reserved | |||
CUBE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CUME_DIST | reserved | reserved | ||
CURRENT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURRENT_CATALOG | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CURRENT_DATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP | reserved | reserved | ||
CURRENT_PATH | reserved | reserved | ||
CURRENT_ROLE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
CURRENT_ROW | reserved | reserved | ||
CURRENT_SCHEMA | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
CURRENT_TIME | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE | reserved | reserved | ||
CURRENT_USER | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURSOR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
CURSOR_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
CYCLE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
DATA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
DATABASE | non-reserved | |||
DATALINK | reserved | reserved | ||
DATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DAY | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DB | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
DEALLOCATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DEC | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DECFLOAT | reserved | |||
DECIMAL | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DECLARE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DEFAULT | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DEFAULTS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DEFERRABLE | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
DEFERRED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
DEFINE | reserved | |||
DEFINED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
DEFINER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DEGREE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
DELETE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DELIMITER | non-reserved | |||
DELIMITERS | non-reserved | |||
DENSE_RANK | reserved | reserved | ||
DEPENDS | non-reserved | |||
DEPTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DEREF | reserved | reserved | ||
DERIVED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
DESC | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
DESCRIBE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
DESCRIPTOR | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
DETACH | non-reserved | |||
DETERMINISTIC | reserved | reserved | ||
DIAGNOSTICS | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
DICTIONARY | non-reserved | |||
DISABLE | non-reserved | |||
DISCARD | non-reserved | |||
DISCONNECT | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
DISPATCH | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
DISTINCT | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DLNEWCOPY | reserved | reserved | ||
DLPREVIOUSCOPY | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLCOMPLETE | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLCOMPLETEONLY | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLPATH | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLPATHONLY | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLPATHWRITE | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLSCHEME | reserved | reserved | ||
DLURLSERVER | reserved | reserved | ||
DLVALUE | reserved | reserved | ||
DO | reserved | |||
DOCUMENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DOMAIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
DOUBLE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DROP | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
DYNAMIC | reserved | reserved | ||
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
EACH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ELEMENT | reserved | reserved | ||
ELSE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EMPTY | reserved | non-reserved | ||
ENABLE | non-reserved | |||
ENCODING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ENCRYPTED | non-reserved | |||
END | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
END-EXEC | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
END_FRAME | reserved | reserved | ||
END_PARTITION | reserved | reserved | ||
ENFORCED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ENUM | non-reserved | |||
EQUALS | reserved | reserved | ||
ERROR | non-reserved | |||
ESCAPE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EVENT | non-reserved | |||
EVERY | reserved | reserved | ||
EXCEPT | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EXCEPTION | reserved | |||
EXCLUDE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
EXCLUDING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
EXCLUSIVE | non-reserved | |||
EXEC | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
EXECUTE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EXISTS | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EXP | reserved | reserved | ||
EXPLAIN | non-reserved | |||
EXPRESSION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
EXTENSION | non-reserved | |||
EXTERNAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
EXTRACT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FALSE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FAMILY | non-reserved | |||
FETCH | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FILE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
FILTER | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
FINAL | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
FINALIZE | non-reserved | |||
FINISH | non-reserved | |||
FIRST | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
FIRST_VALUE | reserved | reserved | ||
FLAG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
FLOAT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FLOOR | reserved | reserved | ||
FOLLOWING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
FOR | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FORCE | non-reserved | |||
FOREIGN | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FORMAT | non-reserved | |||
FORTRAN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
FORWARD | non-reserved | |||
FOUND | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
FRAME_ROW | reserved | reserved | ||
FREE | reserved | reserved | ||
FREEZE | reserved (can be function or type) | |||
FROM | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FS | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
FULFILL | non-reserved | |||
FULL | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
FUNCTION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
FUNCTIONS | non-reserved | |||
FUSION | reserved | reserved | ||
G | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
GENERAL | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
GENERATED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
GET | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
GLOBAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
GO | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
GOTO | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
GRANT | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
GRANTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
GREATEST | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | |||
GROUP | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
GROUPING | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
GROUPS | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
HANDLER | non-reserved | |||
HAVING | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
HEADER | non-reserved | |||
HEX | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
HIERARCHY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
HOLD | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
HOUR | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ID | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
IDENTITY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
IF | non-reserved | |||
IGNORE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ILIKE | reserved (can be function or type) | |||
IMMEDIATE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
IMMEDIATELY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
IMMUTABLE | non-reserved | |||
IMPLEMENTATION | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
IMPLICIT | non-reserved | |||
IMPORT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
IN | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INCLUDE | non-reserved | |||
INCLUDING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
INCREMENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
INDENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
INDEX | non-reserved | |||
INDEXES | non-reserved | |||
INDICATOR | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
INHERIT | non-reserved | |||
INHERITS | non-reserved | |||
INITIAL | reserved | |||
INITIALLY | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
INLINE | non-reserved | |||
INNER | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INOUT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
INPUT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
INSENSITIVE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INSERT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INSTANCE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
INSTANTIABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
INSTEAD | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
INT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INTEGER | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INTEGRITY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
INTERSECT | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INTERSECTION | reserved | reserved | ||
INTERVAL | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INTO | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
INVOKER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
IS | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ISNULL | reserved (can be function or type), requires AS | |||
ISOLATION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
JOIN | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
JSON_ARRAY | reserved | |||
JSON_ARRAYAGG | reserved | |||
JSON_EXISTS | reserved | |||
JSON_OBJECT | reserved | |||
JSON_OBJECTAGG | reserved | |||
JSON_QUERY | reserved | |||
JSON_TABLE | reserved | |||
JSON_TABLE_PRIMITIVE | reserved | |||
JSON_VALUE | reserved | |||
K | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
KEEP | non-reserved | |||
KEY | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
KEYS | non-reserved | |||
KEY_MEMBER | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
KEY_TYPE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
LABEL | non-reserved | |||
LAG | reserved | reserved | ||
LANGUAGE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
LARGE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
LAST | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
LAST_VALUE | reserved | reserved | ||
LATERAL | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
LEAD | reserved | reserved | ||
LEADING | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
LEAKPROOF | non-reserved | |||
LEAST | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | |||
LEFT | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
LEVEL | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
LIBRARY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
LIKE | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
LIKE_REGEX | reserved | reserved | ||
LIMIT | reserved, requires AS | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
LINK | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
LISTAGG | reserved | |||
LISTEN | non-reserved | |||
LN | reserved | reserved | ||
LOAD | non-reserved | |||
LOCAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
LOCALTIME | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
LOCALTIMESTAMP | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
LOCATION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
LOCATOR | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
LOCK | non-reserved | |||
LOCKED | non-reserved | |||
LOG | reserved | |||
LOG10 | reserved | |||
LOGGED | non-reserved | |||
LOWER | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
M | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
MAP | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
MAPPING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MATCH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
MATCHED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MATCHES | reserved | |||
MATCH_NUMBER | reserved | |||
MATCH_RECOGNIZE | reserved | |||
MATERIALIZED | non-reserved | |||
MAX | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
MAXVALUE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MEASURES | reserved | |||
MEMBER | reserved | reserved | ||
MERGE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
MESSAGE_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MESSAGE_TEXT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
METHOD | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
MIN | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
MINUTE | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
MINVALUE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MOD | reserved | reserved | ||
MODE | non-reserved | |||
MODIFIES | reserved | reserved | ||
MODULE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
MONTH | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
MORE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
MOVE | non-reserved | |||
MULTISET | reserved | reserved | ||
MUMPS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
NAMES | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
NAMESPACE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
NATIONAL | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NATURAL | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NCHAR | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NCLOB | reserved | reserved | ||
NESTED | non-reserved | |||
NESTING | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
NEW | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
NEXT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
NFC | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NFD | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NFKC | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NFKD | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NIL | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
NO | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NONE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
NORMALIZE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
NORMALIZED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NOT | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NOTHING | non-reserved | |||
NOTIFY | non-reserved | |||
NOTNULL | reserved (can be function or type), requires AS | |||
NOWAIT | non-reserved | |||
NTH_VALUE | reserved | reserved | ||
NTILE | reserved | reserved | ||
NULL | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NULLABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NULLIF | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
NULLS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NULL_ORDERING | non-reserved | |||
NUMBER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
NUMERIC | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
OBJECT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OCCURRENCE | non-reserved | |||
OCCURRENCES_REGEX | reserved | reserved | ||
OCTETS | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
OCTET_LENGTH | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
OF | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
OFF | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OFFSET | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
OIDS | non-reserved | |||
OLD | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
OMIT | reserved | |||
ON | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ONE | reserved | |||
ONLY | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
OPEN | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
OPERATOR | non-reserved | |||
OPTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
OPTIONS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OR | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ORDER | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ORDERING | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ORDINALITY | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OTHERS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OUT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
OUTER | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
OUTPUT | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
OVER | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
OVERFLOW | non-reserved | |||
OVERLAPS | reserved (can be function or type), requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
OVERLAY | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
OVERRIDING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
OWNED | non-reserved | |||
OWNER | non-reserved | |||
P | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PAD | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
PARALLEL | non-reserved | |||
PARAMETER | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
PARAMETER_MODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARAMETER_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PARSER | non-reserved | |||
PARTIAL | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
PARTITION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
PASCAL | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
PASS | non-reserved | |||
PASSING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
PASSTHROUGH | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PASSWORD | non-reserved | |||
PAST | non-reserved | |||
PATH | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PATTERN | reserved | |||
PER | reserved | |||
PERCENT | reserved | reserved | ||
PERCENTILE_CONT | reserved | reserved | ||
PERCENTILE_DISC | reserved | reserved | ||
PERCENT_RANK | reserved | reserved | ||
PERIOD | reserved | reserved | ||
PERMISSION | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
PERMUTE | reserved | |||
PIPE | non-reserved | |||
PLACING | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
PLAN | non-reserved | |||
PLANS | non-reserved | |||
PLI | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
POLICY | non-reserved | |||
PORTION | reserved | reserved | ||
POSITION | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
POSITION_REGEX | reserved | reserved | ||
POWER | reserved | reserved | ||
PRECEDES | reserved | reserved | ||
PRECEDING | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
PRECISION | non-reserved (cannot be function or type), requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
PREPARE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
PREPARED | non-reserved | |||
PRESERVE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
PREV | non-reserved | |||
PRIMARY | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
PRIOR | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
PRIVATE | non-reserved | |||
PRIVILEGES | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
PROCEDURAL | non-reserved | |||
PROCEDURE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
PROCEDURES | non-reserved | |||
PROGRAM | non-reserved | |||
PRUNE | non-reserved | |||
PTF | reserved | |||
PUBLIC | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
PUBLICATION | non-reserved | |||
QUOTE | non-reserved | |||
QUOTES | non-reserved | |||
RANGE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
RANK | reserved | reserved | ||
READ | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
READS | reserved | reserved | ||
REAL | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
REASSIGN | non-reserved | |||
RECHECK | non-reserved | |||
RECOVERY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
RECURSIVE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
REF | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
REFERENCES | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
REFERENCING | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
REFRESH | non-reserved | |||
REGR_AVGX | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_AVGY | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_COUNT | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_INTERCEPT | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_R2 | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_SLOPE | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_SXX | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_SXY | reserved | reserved | ||
REGR_SYY | reserved | reserved | ||
REINDEX | non-reserved | |||
RELATIVE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
RELEASE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
RENAME | non-reserved | |||
REPEATABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
REPLACE | non-reserved | |||
REPLICA | non-reserved | |||
REQUIRING | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
RESET | non-reserved | |||
RESPECT | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
RESTART | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
RESTORE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
RESTRICT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
RESULT | reserved | reserved | ||
RETURN | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
RETURNED_CARDINALITY | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
RETURNED_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
RETURNED_SQLSTATE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
RETURNING | reserved, requires AS | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
RETURNS | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
REVOKE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
RIGHT | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ROLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ROLLBACK | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ROLLUP | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
ROUTINE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ROUTINES | non-reserved | |||
ROUTINE_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ROUTINE_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ROUTINE_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
ROW | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
ROWS | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
ROW_COUNT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ROW_NUMBER | reserved | reserved | ||
RULE | non-reserved | |||
RUNNING | reserved | |||
SAVEPOINT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SCALAR | non-reserved | |||
SCALE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
SCHEMAS | non-reserved | |||
SCHEMA_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SCOPE | reserved | reserved | ||
SCOPE_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SCOPE_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SCOPE_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SCROLL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SEARCH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SECOND | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SECTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
SECURITY | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SEEK | reserved | |||
SELECT | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SELECTIVE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SELF | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SEMANTICS | non-reserved | |||
SENSITIVE | reserved | reserved | ||
SEQUENCE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SEQUENCES | non-reserved | |||
SERIALIZABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
SERVER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SERVER_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SESSION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
SESSION_USER | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SET | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SETOF | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | |||
SETS | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SHARE | non-reserved | |||
SHOW | non-reserved | reserved | ||
SIMILAR | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
SIMPLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SIN | reserved | |||
SINH | reserved | |||
SIZE | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
SKIP | non-reserved | reserved | ||
SMALLINT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SNAPSHOT | non-reserved | |||
SOME | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SORT_DIRECTION | non-reserved | |||
SOURCE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SPACE | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
SPECIFIC | reserved | reserved | ||
SPECIFICTYPE | reserved | reserved | ||
SPECIFIC_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SQL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SQLCODE | reserved | |||
SQLERROR | reserved | |||
SQLEXCEPTION | reserved | reserved | ||
SQLSTATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SQLWARNING | reserved | reserved | ||
SQRT | reserved | reserved | ||
STABLE | non-reserved | |||
STANDALONE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
START | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
STATE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
STATEMENT | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
STATIC | reserved | reserved | ||
STATISTICS | non-reserved | |||
STDDEV_POP | reserved | reserved | ||
STDDEV_SAMP | reserved | reserved | ||
STDIN | non-reserved | |||
STDOUT | non-reserved | |||
STORAGE | non-reserved | |||
STORED | non-reserved | |||
STRICT | non-reserved | |||
STRING | non-reserved | |||
STRIP | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
STRUCTURE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
STYLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
SUBMULTISET | reserved | reserved | ||
SUBSCRIPTION | non-reserved | |||
SUBSET | reserved | |||
SUBSTRING | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
SUBSTRING_REGEX | reserved | reserved | ||
SUCCEEDS | reserved | reserved | ||
SUM | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SUPPORT | non-reserved | |||
SYMMETRIC | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SYSID | non-reserved | |||
SYSTEM | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
SYSTEM_TIME | reserved | reserved | ||
SYSTEM_USER | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
T | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TABLE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TABLES | non-reserved | |||
TABLESAMPLE | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
TABLESPACE | non-reserved | |||
TABLE_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
TAN | reserved | |||
TANH | reserved | |||
TEMP | non-reserved | |||
TEMPLATE | non-reserved | |||
TEMPORARY | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
TEXT | non-reserved | |||
THEN | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
THROUGH | non-reserved | |||
TIES | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
TIME | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TIMESTAMP | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TIMEZONE_HOUR | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TIMEZONE_MINUTE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TO | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TOKEN | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TOP_LEVEL_COUNT | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRAILING | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TRANSACTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRANSACTION_ACTIVE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRANSFORM | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
TRANSFORMS | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRANSLATE | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TRANSLATE_REGEX | reserved | reserved | ||
TRANSLATION | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TREAT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
TRIGGER | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TRIGGER_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRIGGER_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRIGGER_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
TRIM | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TRIM_ARRAY | reserved | reserved | ||
TRUE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
TRUNCATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
TRUSTED | non-reserved | |||
TYPE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
TYPES | non-reserved | |||
UESCAPE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
UNBOUNDED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
UNCOMMITTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
UNCONDITIONAL | non-reserved | |||
UNDER | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
UNENCRYPTED | non-reserved | |||
UNION | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
UNIQUE | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
UNKNOWN | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
UNLINK | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
UNLISTEN | non-reserved | |||
UNLOGGED | non-reserved | |||
UNMATCHED | reserved | |||
UNNAMED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
UNNEST | reserved | reserved | ||
UNTIL | non-reserved | |||
UNTYPED | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
UPDATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
UPPER | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
URI | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
USAGE | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | |
USER | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
USING | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
UTF16 | non-reserved | |||
UTF32 | non-reserved | |||
UTF8 | non-reserved | |||
VACUUM | non-reserved | |||
VALID | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
VALIDATE | non-reserved | |||
VALIDATOR | non-reserved | |||
VALUE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
VALUES | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
VALUE_OF | reserved | reserved | ||
VARBINARY | reserved | reserved | ||
VARCHAR | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
VARIADIC | reserved | |||
VARYING | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
VAR_POP | reserved | reserved | ||
VAR_SAMP | reserved | reserved | ||
VERBOSE | reserved (can be function or type) | |||
VERSION | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
VERSIONING | reserved | reserved | ||
VIEW | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
VIEWS | non-reserved | |||
VOLATILE | non-reserved | |||
WHEN | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
WHENEVER | reserved | reserved | reserved | |
WHERE | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
WHITESPACE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
WIDTH_BUCKET | reserved | reserved | ||
WINDOW | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
WITH | reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
WITHIN | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
WITHOUT | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | |
WORK | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
WRAPPER | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
WRITE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
XML | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | |
XMLAGG | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLATTRIBUTES | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLBINARY | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLCAST | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLCOMMENT | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLCONCAT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLDECLARATION | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
XMLDOCUMENT | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLELEMENT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLEXISTS | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLFOREST | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLITERATE | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLNAMESPACES | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLPARSE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLPI | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLQUERY | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLROOT | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | |||
XMLSCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | ||
XMLSERIALIZE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLTABLE | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | |
XMLTEXT | reserved | reserved | ||
XMLVALIDATE | reserved | reserved | ||
YEAR | non-reserved, requires AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
YES | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
ZONE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |